Foot orthotic mechanisms of action
A recent review in the British Journal of Sports Medicine show just how much we don’t now about how foot orthotics work (Foot Orthoses and Gait: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Literature Pertaining to Potential Mechanisms. Br J Sports Med. 2009 Dec 8)
The authors did a systematic review looking at the evidence for the physiological basis for orthoses under the biomechanical, shock attenuation and neuromotor paradigms. They concluded that:
Based on our review, we conclude with rudimentary guidelines for the prescription of orthosis to individuals with a range of injury histories. We also highlight the need for further research focusing on the role of injury, particularly in neuromotor modification and long term adaptation to orthoses.